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Assessment of Bacteria and Water Quality Parameters in Cage Cultured Pangasius hypophthalmus in Temerloh, Pahang River, Malaysia

Pangasius hypophthalmus or famously known by local Malaysians as Patin Hitam is one of the most important sources of food in Malaysia. It is widely cultured in the Peninsular Malaysia especially in Pahang as Patin and is a popularly consumed freshwater fish. Global economic interest in the fish has increased its demand in the USA and Europe. However, high mortality due to bacterial and viral infections is the main problem that needs to be solved. Therefore, bacteria in P. hypophthalmus in Pahang is being focused with the factors connected to the prevalence of bacteria and virus in P. hypophthalmus. This research was conducted for two cycles (February-September 2016 and January-August 2017) in different farms in Temerloh, Pahang. Bacteria and virus samples were taken from three organs of Patin Hitam which are kidney, liver and spleen. Physical parameters for water quality were measured using a multiparameter probe sensor (YSI, USA) and chemical parameters were analysed with DR900 colorimeter (Hach, USA). Bacteria samples were identified using biochemical test kits, API 20NE and 20E, followed by confirmation of the bacteria using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Virus samples were identified using conventional PCR. There are several bacteria isolated throughout the culture period. The highest prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila in Temerloh in the first cycle was in May 2016 (40%), however, was equally evident in four out of the seven months of the second cycle, which was in April, May, June and July 2017 (20%). There was a relationship between the prevalence of A. hydrophila and iron, nitrite and pH in the first cycle in Temerloh. However, there was no relationship in the second cycle. Significantly, these results could contribute to better treatment of fish disease and development of standard operating procedure of future fish culture for early disease prevention.

Nur-Syakeera Mahmud, Nur-NazifahMansor, Siti-Zahrah Abdullah, K. C. A. Jalal, R. Rimatulhana and M. N. Amal

Economic Development of Biomass Energy Industry in Heilongjiang Province Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

In order to study the comprehensive evaluation index system of biomass energy industry economy in Heilongjiang Province, a hierarchical analysis is made from four aspects: society and technology, energy supply and demand, economy and environment. By analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert scoring method, various comprehensive evaluation values affecting the economy of biomass energy industry are calculated. The results show that in the economic development of biomass energy industry in Heilongjiang Province, biomass biogas industry > biomass power generation industry > biomass briquette fuel industry > biomass gasification industry > biomass liquid fuel industry. Finally, in view of the actual situation of Heilongjiang Province, relevant suggestions are proposed for the economic development of biomass energy industry.

Liying Zhang, Cuixia Li and Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Carbon Emission from Modern Coal Chemical Industry and Its Economic Impact in the Rebuilding of Old Industrial Base in Northeast China

In order to study the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in Northeast China, Tapio decoupling model can be introduced to help analyse the elastic relationship between energy saving and emission reduction and economic benefits in Northeast China. The results show that in recent years, especially in the past 10 years, the economy of Northeast China has not developed rapidly. However, the carbon emissions remain high, which means energy saving has been achieved, but the effect of emission reduction is not good, and the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions is weak decoupling. Through the gradual improvement of the influencing factors and the establishment of a complete data model for analysis and comparison, it is found that among a series of influencing factors, large-scale enterprises and enterprises with deep opening-up often achieve the decoupling of economic growth and carbon emissions. The larger the scale of enterprises is, the more obvious the decoupling effect is, which is the most important factor.

Liying Zhang and Cuixia Li

Decolourization and Stability of Ozone Oxidation in Municipal Wastewater Regeneration

In order to understand the de-colourization effect and stability of ozone oxidation in municipal wastewater regeneration process, ozone oxidation experiment and related index analysis method are used. The results show that ozone oxidation treatment can effectively reduce the colour and true colour of secondary effluent. During the simulation of natural conditions, the true colour of water samples with different ozone dosage doesn’t change significantly after 22 days, and the changes in surface colour and chlorophyll-a show good consistency. When the ozone dosage is less than 6 mg·L-1, the colour of water samples increases slowly within 12 days, then rise rapidly until the maximum is reached after 22 days. Low dose ozone treatment (less than 6 mg·L-1) can promote algae reproduction and increase the instability of water colour. However, when the dosage of ozone is more than 8 mg·L-1, it can obviously prolong the time of colour repetition of civilian water samples. The colour and turbidity of water samples increase slightly after 18 days. The changes in colour and turbidity are mainly caused by the living and reproduction of algae. High ozone dosage can maintain the stability of colour of water. Therefore, the ozone dosage of 8 mg·L-1 is recommended for municipal wastewater regeneration treatment.

Hui-rong Wei and Nguyen Xuan Phuong

Geotechnical Slope Protection Model Based on Genetic Algorithm

In order to study the rock slope protection model based on a genetic algorithm, the theory of slope stability and evaluation theory were introduced. Slope engineering geological model framework, slope safety and stability mathematical mechanics model and slope evolution bifurcation model were studied. The application of artificial intelligence in slope stability was analyzed. Based on the theoretical results at home and abroad, an FCM clustering analysis based on genetic algorithm was obtained. Soft set theory and fuzzy soft set theory were introduced. An algorithm model for evaluating decision-making in slope management was proposed. An example analysis was carried out in combination with the developed system. The results showed that the evaluation system had obvious advantages. The model provides an effective reference for engineering decision-making.

Lin Huang, Fengyin Liu and Van Huong Dong

Factors Affecting Slope Reinforcement Based on Data Mining Algorithm

To change the design complexity of the conventional pile anchored bolt retaining wall, a method based on genetic algorithm was proposed to optimize the design of the retaining wall of the soil slope. According to the basic principle of genetic algorithm, a mathematical model for the optimization of double fulcrum pile anchor retaining wall was established. Taking the comprehensive cost per meter of anchor retaining wall as objective function, various strength and structural requirements of pile-anchor retaining wall were taken as constraints. Through the engineering example analysis, it was proved that the genetic algorithm can better solve the partial solution problem of traditional optimization. The design results show that this method can not only optimize the design variables intelligently, but also get a safe, reliable and costeffective design. It is concluded that the slope reinforcement method based on data mining algorithm has some guiding significance for the optimization design of the whole bolt support structure.

Lin Huang, Fengyin Liu, Thi Thuy Hoa Phan and Van Huong Dong

Research on Green Transition Development of Energy Enterprises Taking Mining Industry as an Example

To fully understand the development models of the green mining economy, this paper, based on the western externality theory, focused on a green mining construction case in China. Results have shown that the green mining concept has early emerged in the mining industry and currently has reached a relatively high target, indicating the application value of the concept of green mining development. It is then concluded that the green mining development model is valid and effectively verified by the green mining construction case.

Zhilong Xu, Shuai Zhai and Nguyen Xuan Phuong

Mathematical Model for Determining the Economic Well Depth in Mine Lots

In order to better determine the economic depth of deep wells and improve the safety of exploitation in a mine lot, this paper introduces the integration of the fuzzy mathematical model with the cost analysis into the mining process. The economic exploitation depth in the mine lot is determined by substituting the model test, providing the clues to the study. The findings show that the production situation of the coal mine S at a mining depth of 780 meters has reached a reasonable critical limit in the economy, and the economic exploitation depth can hit upon 900~1000 m. It is thus clear that the increase of mining depth will improve the probability of occurrence of production accidents; the economic exploitation depth of the mine can reach 900~1000 meters, if the mining continues to extend downward, a heavy loss will be suffered.

Ying Ma

Analysis of Deep Foundation Treatment of Soft Soil Under Strong Corrosion Conditions

In the design and construction process of the foundation treatment of an example power plant, the content of chloride and sulphate ions in the groundwater in this area is tens to hundreds of times the content of other normal areas, which makes the corrosion damage more rapid. The residual strength of concrete after 8-20 years is only 5% to 10% of the original design strength, which will be a terrible consequence, meanwhile making it no longer possible to use concrete drilled cast-in-place piles for foundation treatment. For the dynamic compaction-soil replacement foundation treatment method, first, dynamic compaction is applied for the treatment of foundation, then the soil under the foundation with a thickness of 2m is excavated, and backfilled with graded crushed stones, layered rolling is conducted so as to ensure the compactness. With this method, the requirement for the quality of the bearing capacity of the foundation can be met, and the cost is economical and reasonable. The overall construction period is not too long, the destructive effect of the saline soil is avoided, and there is no need to worry about the corrosion effect of chloride ions and sulphate ions.

Junzhao Gao, Dongqi Tang and Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf

Numerical Simulation and Stability Analysis of Grouting in Hydraulic Engineering

Grouting, as a widely used foundation reinforcement technology in water conservancy projects, is an important engineering measure to solve problems such as dam foundation leakage and subsidence of goaf under long-distance water transfer engineering. At present, the grouting simulation and stability analysis of hydraulic engineering are faced with key problems such as concealed geological conditions, complex slurry diffusion rules, comprehensive evaluation of grouting effect and analysis of grouting stability. Based on the dam foundation grouting engineering of hydropower station and the grouting engineering of the goaf in the long-distance water transfer project across the basin, the theory and method of numerical simulation and stability analysis of hydraulic engineering grouting based on threedimensional fine geological model are proposed, and the above problems are further developed. The research and analysis, using ANSYS software to simulate it, discussed the influence of drilling pressure, grouting hole design apex angle, hole wall clearance and other factors on the borehole inclination, and proposed the drilling anti-slope scheme which can be used in engineering practice. The experimental results show that the quality of the installation and the diameter of the installation should be smooth and solid before the installation of the equipment. The filling part should not exceed 1/3, and the hole should be drilled according to the design direction and the diameter of the drill should be straight. The length is gradually increased to about 10m. The hole wall gap is an important factor causing the bending of the borehole. When designing the grouting hole, the shape of the grouting hole should be designed as a vertical hole or a straight hole with a small apex angle as much as possible, so as to ensure that the drilling tool has a good anti-slanting effect; the use of a multi-drilling tool can be greatly reduced. The contact between the drill and the well wall reduces the phenomenon of stuck or differential pressure stuck.

Xuemei Bai

Research on Automatic Analysis Technology of Remote Sensing Monitoring Based on GIS

GIS remote sensing technology provides a new generation of observation methods, description languages and thinking tools for scientific research, government management and social production. Therefore, we need to increase research and development of GIS. This paper proposes relevant methods, key points and problems to be solved through the combination of GIS remote sensing automation integration and integrated application. The remote sensing monitoring is the main data source and data updating method of GIS. The research further supports the comprehensive development and utilization of remote sensing information.

Juan Ling, Yuanfang Wu and Jiabao Ding

Study on Calculation Method of Ecological Environment Flow Rate of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Project in Coal Mining Area

The ecological environment is the basic natural condition related to human survival and development. Protecting and improving the ecological environment is the basis for ensuring social and economic sustainable development and a virtuous cycle of water resources, especially coal mining areas. This paper hopes to understand and master all kinds of calculation methods for the discharge of ecological flow in water conservancy and hydropower projects at home and abroad, analyse the advantages and disadvantages and application scope of various methods, and propose a more reasonable quantitative calculation method of ecological flow in combination with typical water conservancy and hydropower engineering research. The calculations show that most of the aquatic organisms have excellent habitat conditions when the river’s inner diameter flow is 60% of the average annual river flow. It is hoped that it will play a reference role for other similar water conservancy and hydropower projects in China, realize the coordination of water resources development and river ecological protection, implement ecological water conservancy and ecological hydropower model, and solve the ecological problems that restrict the development of water conservancy and hydropower in China to a certain extent.

Ying Dong, Xijun Wu and Ahmad Jalal Khan Chowdhury

Study on the Index System of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Water Conservancy Projects

The post-evaluation of the impact of water conservancy projects on the ecological environment provides scientific decision-making basis for the ecological and environmental management of water conservancy projects, which has important scientific significance and application value. The post-evaluation index system of the impact of the water conservancy project on the ecological environment was constructed, and the FME-AHP evaluation model was used to evaluate the ecological environment impact of the Stone reservoir. AHP weighting method was used to determine the weight of each level, and the normal membership function was used to calculate the membership value of each level index to the next level. It can be seen from the membership degree of each grade of the ecological environment system that the maximum membership degree of the third grade is 0.4332, followed by the membership degree of the second grade, which is 0.3453. This indicates that the influence of Stone river reservoir on the ecological environment is at the third grade (no influence) and tends to the second grade (with relatively adverse influence).

Zhi-qi Zhou

Atmospheric Quality Testing Based on Deep Learning

The purpose of this research is to apply the deep learning algorithm to the research of atmospheric quality detection. In this study, firstly, based on genetic algorithm and artificial neural network, the training process of genetic algorithm is optimized and improved, and a new hybrid accelerated genetic algorithm is proposed. Then combined with these algorithms, a universal air quality evaluation method for a variety of air pollutants is proposed. Taking the atmospheric quality inspection report of Dalian city for two months as the research sample, the hybrid accelerated genetic algorithm combined with the artificial neural network algorithm are applied to the BP neural network, which is optimized and improved to predict the atmospheric quality of the next month, and the prediction results are compared with the actual situation. The results show that the new algorithm is excellent in convergence speed and prediction accuracy and has certain value and prospect in the practical application of atmospheric quality prediction in the future.

Wei Li, Yan Li, Lei Wang and Haroon Rashid

System Simulation Optimization of Resource and Environmental Effects of Circular Economy

In order to study the system simulation optimization of resource and environment effects of circular economy, based on the theory of composite ecosystem, the dynamic model of composite ecosystem is established by using the method of system dynamics and software tools, and the development trend of future system status and main ecological risks are simulated by using the model. Based on the mechanism and characteristics of the ecosystem revealed by the dynamic model and the results of ecological security assessment, the countermeasures and measures for management and protection are put forward. The results show that GDP growth is very fast in the forecast, while net GDP growth lags far behind the GDP. This shows that the loss of environment and resources and natural disasters is also increasing in the process of rapid economic development. Therefore, this kind of economic development is at the cost of excessive pollution of the environment and consumption of resources. Economic development has become a threat to the pressure and security of the entire urban ecosystem. It is necessary to find ways of energy recycling and sustainable economic development.

Xinghua Wang

Effect of Lime-bone Ratio on Compressive Strength and Void Fraction of Recycled Green Ecological Concrete

In order to study the influence of ash-aggregate ratio on compressive strength and void fraction of recycled green eco-concrete, the green eco-concrete prepared with recycled aggregate is selected in this study, which conforms to the concept of sustainable development. The effective porosity, compressive strength and permeability coefficient of concrete are studied, so as to determine the impact of different lime-aggregate ratio and water-cement ratio on recycled green ecological concrete. It is found that with the increase of the ash-bone ratio, the compressive strength decreases, and the ash-bone ratio is negatively correlated with the compressive strength. With the increase of the ash-bone ratio, the effective porosity increases, and the ash-bone ratio is positively correlated with the effective porosity. The compressive strength increases with the increase of water cement ratio. The water cement ratio is positively correlated with compressive strength, and the influence of water cement ratio on effective porosity shows a complex trend of rising first and then decreasing. This study lays a foundation for choosing suitable green ecological concrete, applies green ecological concrete to practical projects, and verifies the feasibility of engineering application.

Xiaoqin Wang, Mengying Peng, Ciyu Wang and Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury

Environmental Monitoring and Management System Based on K-Means Algorithms

In order to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, adjust the economic structure, change the mode of growth and improve the quality of people’s lives, it is proposed that advanced network video surveillance system technology should be integrated into the related fields of environmental protection, and the comprehensive management of polluting enterprises and ecological environment should be closely monitored and managed. The work content and process of environmental protection standard management are sorted out, the difficulties and problems to be solved in the management of environmental protection standards are summarized, and the data and technical support needed for the informatization of environmental protection standards are discussed. The application technology of data mining is studied and combed, and K-Means algorithm is selected and improved to enable it to be applied in the management of environmental protection standards. The demonstration system of environmental standard information management is constructed to provide reference for the construction of environmental standard information management system. The results show that through in-depth study on the framework of environmental video surveillance system, the system design scheme is formed, and the project implementation and operation maintenance management mechanism of environmental video surveillance system is established, which provides an effective overall solution for system implementation, optimization, improvement and application promotion.

Hongzhi Zhou, Gang Yu and Linguo Li

Sewage Discharge Monitoring and Management System Based on K-Means Algorithms

In order to effectively monitor and manage the discharge behaviour of enterprises to avoid water pollution and improve environmental quality, it is proposed to develop and design a sewage discharge monitoring and management system which meets the practical needs. The sewage discharge data management module, monitoring and management module, early warning management module, data statistical analysis module and system query function module are designed and developed. In addition, the development and design process of the functional module of the system is described by means of example diagram and time sequence diagram. On the basis of system function design, language and database technology are applied to realize the functional modules of the system. The function test and performance test of the system are discussed and analysed, and a sewage discharge monitoring and management system that meets the actual needs of the sewage discharge monitoring department is developed. The results show that the sewage online monitoring and management system has the functions of real-time reception, treatment, analysis and early warning. Therefore, the system can help to make up for the loopholes in the sewage discharge monitoring and management of enterprises, effectively standardize the sewage discharge behaviour of enterprises, and then improve the environmental pollution caused by excessive sewage discharge. INTRODUCTION

Lefei Xuan, Xiaojing Tu, Mengning Niu and Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf

Sewage Monitoring System Based on Artificial Intelligence

In order to avoid the problems of unstable water quality and high treatment cost caused by manual control of operators in wastewater treatment process, it is proposed to design and develop an intelligent wastewater monitoring system. According to the characteristics of numerous sewage treatment devices and unstable control indexes, the soft sensing technology of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is combined with computer automatic control technology to design intelligent monitoring scheme of sewage treatment process. The overall structure and function of the system are given, the control software, DO concentration soft measurement module and operation guidance are introduced, which lays a foundation for the concrete implementation of the system. The results show that the intelligent monitoring scheme and the aeration control method based on DO concentration soft measurement are applied to the sewage treatment field, and the hardware integration design and software configuration development are completed. The man-machine interface designed is intuitive and friendly, and the operation is convenient. After field installation and debugging, it is successfully operated in a sewage treatment plant, making the removal rate of effluent impurities reach the expected goal and achieve obvious economic benefits. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and application value to strengthen the research and application of intelligent control of sewage treatment system in China.

Lefei Xuan, Xiaojing Tu, Mengning Niu and Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury

Groundwater Pollution Diffusion Model Based on Partial Differential Equation

The objective of the paper is to solve the problems of groundwater using partial differential equation (PDE). The finite element method is one of the most important solutions to the problems, which is applied to obtain the approximate solution of functions. The paper has applied the toolbox method to solve the problems of groundwater in the engineering of the planar two-dimensional (2D) steady flow and the planar 2D unsteady flow. In addition, the planar 2D steady flow includes the specific problems of fully penetrating well with the preset depth of the confined aquifer and the steady flow of the unconfined aquifer. Besides, the PDE toolbox has been applied to solve the practical groundwater problems in engineering, the results have shown that in terms of solving the groundwater problems, the MATLAB PDE toolbox is more convenient, simple, and accurate compared with the method of directly programming the original program. Therefore, in case of problems that cannot be solved by the graphical user interface of the PDE toolbox, the command functions in the MATLAB toolbox could be applied to perform numerical calculations on the problems.

Bin Zhou

Research on Underground Sewage Monitoring System Based on Intelligent Algorithm

Using 4G network intelligence as the data transmission channel of field and monitoring centre, a sewage treatment monitoring system with simple structure, stable performance, fast transmission rate and high accuracy is established. In this paper, USR-G780 DTU is selected as the transceiver of network equipment. PLC was initialized through ladder diagram programming, and information such as water quality parameters in sewage treatment and online operation status of each equipment was transmitted to the monitoring centre, and remote connection between S7-1200 and the monitoring centre was completed. In addition, Modbus RTU communication protocol is used to complete the communication between the field PLC and the slave station, as well as TCP/IP to complete the data network transmission, and finally complete the design of the whole communication process. The experiment proves that the data based on 4G intelligence is more accurate, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the feasibility, accuracy and security of the system design scheme are also verified.

Hongxin Wang

Research on Integrated Technology of Desulphurization, Denitration and Waste Heat Recovery of Coke Oven Flue Gas

The main pollution components of coke oven flue gas are SO2 and NOx. The SO2 and NOx not only harm human health, but also cause serious environmental pollution. Combined with the new type of denitration catalyst, magnesium flue gas desulphurization process and radial heat pipe waste, heat boiler and other core patented technologies, this paper creatively put forward the integrated technology of coke oven flue gas desulphurization, denitration, and waste heat recovery and utilization. This method can fundamentally solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by coke oven flue gas emission and waste heat recovery and utilization in China. The denitration efficiency is always stable above 98%, which reflects the super-high denitration efficiency of catalyst. It not only has the remarkable economic efficiency, but also has huge social efficiency.

Haiying Zhang and Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury

Coal-Rock Interface Recognition Method Based on Image Recognition

In view of the existing problems of coal and rock recognition, the key technologies of coal and rock recognition based on image were studied. To improve the error of BP neural network, it is proposed to use wavelet transform to extract the characteristic values of coal and rock image and build a wavelet neural network with neural network to realize the recognition of coal and rock. Simulation results show that the improved wavelet neural network has a better recognition rate for coal and rock classification. When the number of hidden layer nodes is 30 and the number of iterations is 800, the recognition rate is ideal and stable, even reaching 100%. It can be widely used in specific underground coal mine conditions.

Guo Huiling and Liu Xin

Research on the Early Warning Model of Environmental Desertification Based on Grid Scale

Based on the causes of environmental desertification in the three aspects of climate, surface and human culture, the early-warning index system of desertification was constructed, and the early-warning model was established. Arc GIS was used to quantify and rasterize the data of each factor. In the past 60 years, the area of desertification increased from 53,000 km 2 to 114,000 km 2, bringing great harm to the ecological environment and social economy. The early warning model was used to realize the desertification degree distribution on the raster scale (30 m 30 m), in the three periods, in the research area. The results of the first two periods and the third period were respectively used for parameter correction and verification. On this basis, the development trend of desertification in the study area in 2021, under the condition of “intermittent water transfer” and “no water transfer”, is predicted. The simulation accuracy of desertification degree distribution in the study area is over 90% through parameter correction and early warning model, which has good applicability.

Yan Zhang

Research on Green Building Energy Management Based on BIM and FM

Aiming at the problem of building energy consumption, based on the conceptual model of BIM (Building Information Modelling) and FM (Facility Management) and the concept of green building, this paper expounds the advantages of BIM in energy management and building performance evaluation and optimize from the strategic aspect through FM concept. Research shows that building information modelling (BIM) can play a key role in achieving close cooperation between customers and the construction industry, minimizing building energy consumption and achieving low-carbon and environmental goals.

Caijun Wang, Wenjun Lu, Chuanchuan Xi and Xuan Phuong Nguyen

Study on Mathematical Modelling of Geological Hazard Assessment

Zhijin county is one of the areas with fragile geological environment and frequent natural disasters in China. In recent years, with the intensification of human activities, the geological environment has been continuously damaged, causing geological disasters of different scales and serious life threats and property losses to people. Therefore, the purpose of introducing this mathematical model is to make the data more intelligent and professional by combining the data of geological disasters in mathematics. Based on the geological disaster monitoring, warning and decision support system of Guizhou province, this paper takes Zhijin county as the research object and uses Oracle database to manage the data by building and designing data structure and data model. The results show that geological hazard assessment can not only provide reliable data for analysis and research, but also provide reference value for similar database construction: (1) to construct spatial data model to realize effective correlation between spatial data and business data. (2) spatial entity objects have the characteristics of multi-dimension and polysemy, and “relational-object” mathematical modelling is adopted.

Bin Zhou, Dan He and Rodeano Roslee

Effects of Drip Irrigation on Water Saving, Fertilization and Gas Emission in Arid Regions

Drip irrigation under membrane is a new agricultural technology that can achieve high yield and high efficiency. Through research, it can give full play to its potential of increasing yield and increasing efficiency in current practical production. This paper analysed and summarized the yield limiting factors in current drip irrigation production by studying the yield potential and yield difference. Through model simulation and field experiments, the high-yielding and high-efficiency crop system was designed and verified. The effects of film mulching on greenhouse gas emissions were studied in a small ecosystem. Based on the experimental results show that nitrogen requirement for target yield and the regularity of nitrogen requirement of high-yielding maize optimized nitrogen management compared with farmers 80 kg/ha nitrogen management to reduce nitrogen input, from 350 kg/ha down to about 270 kg/ha output from 11.7 Mg/ha increased to 13.8 Mg/ha, nitrogen partial productivity increased to 51.0 from 33.3 kg/kg, while apparent nitrogen loss decreased to 64.5 from 171.5 kg/ha, showed that optimized nitrogen management is feasible in practice. Mulching can reduce the ecological respiration rate; nitrogen fertilizer can promote the ecological respiration rate.

Yaqi Chen, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf and Haroon Rashid

Application of Fuzzy Mathematical Evaluation Method in Classification and Evaluation of Condensate Gas Reservoir

In order to comprehensively reflect the influence of seven parameters, such as permeability, porosity, reserves abundance, reservoir depth, condensate oil content, edge and bottom water energy, and development mode, on the development effect of condensate gas reservoirs, fuzzy mathematics method was applied to classify and evaluate typical condensate gas reservoirs in China. The classification of condensate gas reservoirs considering the content of condensate oil and other single factors cannot objectively and accurately characterize the quality of condensate gas reservoirs. By selecting the relevant parameters of 18 condensate gas reservoirs in China, the comprehensive evaluation value B is obtained by using fuzzy mathematical evaluation method on the basis of single factor evaluation, and then the condensate gas reservoirs are divided into four categories: B 0.6, which is a type of condensate gas reservoir; 0.5 B < 0.6 is a type two condensate gas reservoir; 0.4 B < 0.5, third type of condensate gas reservoir; B < 0.4 is the fourth type of condensate gas reservoirs. The practice shows that the factors considered in this classification and evaluation method are more comprehensive and the evaluation results are more scientific, so the evaluation results can lay a theoretical foundation for the evaluation of the development effect of condensate gas reservoirs in China.

Haijuan Jin

Environmental Monitoring Wireless Sensor Network Node Energy Technology Analysis

At present, the energy problem has become one of the hotspots in the research of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the design scheme of low-power technology is adopted by using real-time clock to control the on-off power supply, so that the dormancy power consumption of sensor nodes can be reduced to uA level, and the energy consumption of sensor nodes can be solved to the maximum extent. At the same time, the sensor interface of the sensor node designed in this paper has universality and is very suitable for environmental monitoring applications. After systematic test, it can be proved that the maximum working current of sensor nodes can reach 34.75mA and 0.0008mA in the system sleep state. If the acquisition is carried out every half hour, each time only needs 150s, and the power consumed by the sensor node every half hour is 1.4454mAh. The capacity of lithium battery is calculated according to the nominal value of 3800mAh. Without considering the self-discharge of the battery, the sensor node can work for 55 days without energy supplement. It is further verified that the wireless sensor network nodes can meet the requirements of long-term environmental data acquisition tasks in the field.

Xiaoli Cai, Shahreen Kassim and Van Huong Dong

Analysis of the Complementary Property of Solar Energy and Thermal Power Based on Coupling Model

To further improve the traditional coal-fired power generation, lower the pollutant emission, and comprehensively implement the energy saving and emission reduction policy, the view that the solarassisted coal-fired power generation system is the complementary and integrated power system of clean energy and traditional fossil energy has been put forward in the paper. Due to the complexity of solarassisted coal-fired power generation system, the unified integration principles of the system haven’t been established yet. On the basis of the energy conversion happened in the solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system and the simple coal-fired power generation system, a physical model of two different power input of the power generation system is established, the instantaneous photoelectric efficiency expression of solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system is obtained, and the major factors that affect the solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system are concluded. The results provide the practical in-progress solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system with a basic theoretical basis. Therefore, on the one hand, the solar-assisted coal-fired power generation system helps the largescale and low-cost development and exploitation of solar thermal power systems; on the other hand, it accelerates the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policy in traditional coal-fired power plants. It is an effective solution to the problems of ever-increasing environmental pollutions and the limited traditional fossil energy supplies.

Jinpu Liu, Rui Song, Saima Nasreen and Anh Tuan Hoang

Performance of New Permeable Concrete Materials based on Mechanical Strength

The purpose of this study was to improve the application effect of pervious concrete in practical engineering. Firstly, recycled brick aggregate was prepared by crushing of waste clay bricks, and then a new type of pervious concrete was prepared after secondary grouting treatment. The effects of the content of polypropylene steel fibre, target porosity, water cement ratio and particle size of recycled brick aggregate on the new type of pervious concrete were studied. The results showed that the target porosity had the most significant effect on the mechanical strength of the regenerated brick specimens, and the smaller the target porosity was, the higher the compressive strength was, and vice versa. The particle size of recycled brick aggregate had little influence on the mechanical strength value of the specimen. Appropriate amount of polypropylene steel fibre can significantly improve the mechanical strength of the pervious concrete, and the flexural strength was higher than the compressive strength. Therefore, when the target porosity was 24%, the water cement ratio was 0.32, the content of polypropylene steel fibre was 3 kg/m3, and the particle size of recycled brick aggregate was 9.5 mm-13.2 mm, the concrete can achieve a good balance between mechanical properties and water permeability.

Wenjuan Liu

Carbon Regulation and Trading Supply Chain Factory Production and Emission Reduction Decision System

In order to optimize the carbon tax constraints and consumer business strategy under the influence of the environmental protection consciousness, this article looks into the time factor, by means of differential game, based on supply chain upstream enterprise R & D subsidy object under long-term carbon tax policy. When there is a R & D subsidy with no cooperation between the manufacturers in emission reduction technology research and development, semi-cooperation and complete cooperation R & D, the three cases of decision making with respect to carbon tax, environmental effects, research and development effects and economic effects; R & D subsidy levels are discussed to provide advice to the manufacturers to choose a development strategy.

Gan Wanand Jun Zhang

Study on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on TiO2 Composite Nanomaterials

With the continuous development of nanomaterials, how to improve the conversion efficiency of DSSCs has been the focus of scholars. Nano-TiO2 material is a wide bandgap semiconductor with a bandgap of 3.2eV. It exhibits good performance in dye adsorption, charge separation, electron transport, etc., and has good chemical stability and strong acid and alkali resistance. Therefore, it was always the material of choice for the preparation of photoanodes. In this paper, different thicknesses of TiO2 NRs barrier layers were prepared on FTO substrates by solvothermal method and two-step spin coating method, and their electrochemical and photoelectric properties were tested by using relevant test instruments. The effects of barrier layers with different thicknesses of TiO2 NRs on the performance of DSSCs were analysed. The anatase TiO2 NRs with an average length of 28±10nm and a diameter of 2±1nm were obtained. The concentration of TiO2 NRs was 0.245mol·L-1 (TiO2 NRs-12). When the thickness is 88.58nm, DSSCs exhibit the best photoelectric performance.

Cuiping Kang, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf and Yung-Tse Hung

Water Pollution in Old Towns Affecting the Environment and Ecological Restoration

In order to solve the problem that the traditional activated sludge method is not effective in recovering the ecological process of water pollution in urban areas, the membrane bioreactor-based sewage treatment process was studied experimentally. Two flat-plate ultrafiltration membranes were used to form the ultrafilter tank in the experimental device sampled, and the processes of nitrate cycle and sludge cycle were adopted. Ozonation and granular activated carbon filtration were adopted to treat the micropollutants. After repeated experiments in 17 experimental cycles, the obtained experimental data were analysed, and it was found that under different sewage treatment loads, the treatment quality of the device could reach p concentration < 0.2mg/L and n concentration < 6mg/L. Compared with the traditional sewage treatment process, the experimental device can better remove the common nutrient rich substances and micro-pollutants in urban sewage, better control the greenhouse gas emissions, and meet the demand for efficient ecological recovery of urban sewage.

Zou Hang, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf and Yung-Tse Hung

Application of Rb/Sr Ratio in Paleo-climate Inversion

In order to study the intensity of chemical weathering during the formation of sedimentary strata in the site profile, the evolution of climatic environment in the region where the site profile is located was revealed. The rubidium (Rb) and strontium (Sr) values in the rubidium (Rb) and strontium (Sr) were tested and analysed. The Rb/Sr ratio has become an ideal alternative indicator in the study of regional environmental evolution. The Rb value in the strata section of Zhongba site is low, and the average value (calculated based on 202 sample values) is only 80 g/g. The Sr value was higher, averaging 866 g/g. The average Rb/Sr ratio is 0.19.

Shupei Ouyang, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf and Yung-Tse Hung

Research on Coal Mine Gas Concentration Prediction Based on Cloud Computing Technology Under the Background of Internet

With the continuous expansion of the scale of gas concentration data, in order to meet the requirements of mass data processing, this paper used the strong advantages of cloud computing in the processing of large data sets to build the framework of coal mine gas concentration under the cloud platform, proposed a genetic optimization Elma neural network model based on cloud computing, and carried out experiments based on the massive data of a coal mine in Tangshan. It has been proved that its mean square error is basically stable within 0.05, reaching the acceptable error range. This algorithm is both efficient and feasible in short-term prediction of coal mine gas concentration.

Lei Wang, Wei Li and Yan Li

Research on Sewage Treatment Computer System Based on ADP Iterative Algorithm

In order to solve the problem of wastewater treatment control, a computer system based on ADP iterative algorithm is proposed. Sewage treatment system is a highly nonlinear industrial process control system, because of the uncertainty of the water into the component, and the surrounding environment such as weather, temperature and pH influence factors such as mixture, the sewage treatment process is extremely complex, present a big time delay, strong coupling, time-varying and serious interference, etc. Therefore, this paper aims to control and optimize the concentration of dissolved oxygen and nitrate nitrogen in the process of sewage treatment, proposes an optimal control strategy for sewage treatment based on the iterative ADP algorithm, and realizes the online control and optimization of sewage treatment by combining the basic principle of adaptive dynamic programming and the characteristics of neural network.

Fu-Xing Liu, Jun-Tao Zhu and Van Huong Dong

Study on Ancient Chu Town Urban Green Space Evolution and Ecological and Environmental Benefits

In order to deeply analyse the law of urban green space evolution, this paper discusses the change of urban ecological environment effect brought about by green space evolution and its interaction and mechanism. Based on 2007-2018, four remote sensing images of GUI area, the application of remote sensing and GIS spatial information technology, the basic data and sample plot survey, realized based on green space classification diagram. The landscape index, gradient analysis, spatial dynamic analysis methods, such as statistics, quantitative analysis of the urban green space landscape spatial structure evolution and its law of development, with the urban development of green space change of gradient explicit study can be a deeper understanding of the process of landscape pattern, provides the basis for the research of function. The experimental results show that from 2,031 square kilometres in 2007 to 1,364 square kilometres in 2018, the proportion of farmland in urban suburbs decreased by more than 50%. Urban green space has a rising trend in the core urban areas, but changes in the fringe urban areas and suburban areas are complex. With the advancement of urbanization, the total vegetation coverage has decreased by more than 50%, in which the area with high and full vegetation coverage levels has decreased significantly, while the area with no, low and medium vegetation coverage levels has increased.

Chen Chen, Noshabah Tabssum and Hoang Phuong Nguyen

Air Treatment Effect Assessment for Improving Vehicle Emission Standards: Counterfactual Analysis Based on Machine Learning

Automobile exhaust has become an important source of urban air pollution. Improving vehicle emission standards is one of the key measures to control air pollution. This paper takes Tianjin’s implementation of the “National V” motor vehicle emission standard as an example. The study found that this policy is an indispensable condition for improving air quality, which helps to reduce carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the atmosphere, but the effect on the treatment of atmospheric pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5) and respirable particulate matter (PM10) is not significant. It can be seen that while continuously improving the emission standards of motor vehicles, it should also cooperate with the improvement of public transportation systems, the development of new energy vehicles and alternative fuels, and the targeted regulation of air pollution control measures in other high-energyconsuming industries.

Yunan Zhang, Bilin Xu and Haroon Rashid

Effects of Different Microbial Treatments on the Removal of Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Soil

In order to study the effect of different microbial treatment methods on the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil, microbial remediation of Zichang oil-polluted soil in northern Shaanxi province was studied by means of bacterial inoculation and biological stimulation. By using infrared spectrophotometry to determine the removal effect of different treatment methods on petroleum hydrocarbon, the best scheme for remediation of oil-polluted soil in northern Shaanxi province was determined. In the restoration process, the maximum possible count method (MPN), PCR-agar-electrophoresis, and PCR-DGGE were used to determine the number of oil-hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, catalytic genes, and soil microbial diversity to study the ecological effects of soil microorganisms. The results showed that the remediation effects of different biological treatments on oil-contaminated soil were as follows: biological stimulation (N and P nutrients were added) > biological enhancement (degradation bacteria were added) > and others. There was a positive correlation between the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil and the catalytic gene content of degradable petroleum hydrocarbon. During the restoration process, the number of petroleum hydrocarbons and alkane degrading bacteria in soil was significantly higher than that of PAHs degrading bacteria. The addition of exogenous degrading bacteria sz-1 could significantly improve the diversity of soil bacterial community. The results are helpful to understand the change of microbial ecological effect in bioremediation of petroleum soil.

Hong Liu, Pengfei Gao, Jing Fu and Haroon Rashid

NEPT-Full Issue(E-copy)18(5)Special Issue, 2019